Fluid pressure brake



Jan. `1 1935. c. c. FARMER 1,986,469

" FLUID 131111155111111A BRAKE Filed 001. 8, 1951 s sheets-sheet 1 mummia!" lll f INVENTOR. CLYDE C. FARMER f YW/ffm? A TT ORNE Y.

Jan. 1., 1935'. `4cz. c. FARMER 1,936,469

' FLUID-PRESSURE BRAKE Filed oct. 8, 1931 3 sheets-sheet 2 Frigl i ".57

l INVENTOR. ,Y CLYDE QFARMER vBy ATTORNEY.

Jan. l, 1935. i c, FARMER 1,986,469

FLUIDPREs-SURE BRAKE Filed oct. s, 1951 s sheets-sheet ,3

Figa.

INVENTOR.

CLYDI; C. FARMER.

Qm/M

A HORA/EY.

Patentedua. 1', 1.935 1 n L :1,986,469Y

c I PILUIDPRESSURE BRAKE i n y Clyde` o. Farmearittsburgura., ssignr time .j i g Westinghouse Air Brake Company, VWilmerdings'j I a.;a`c orpbration olf'Pennsylvania" This inventionrelates`to fluid pressure brakes,

and more particularly to a tripleivalve` devicesi;

cylindricalfportion 15. 'The other 4part of* the stemfcomprisesa member 1 6 having a hollovv cylindrical formedsection` lvvith:a'radiall flange 5" The principalobject` of my invention is y provide means to 'facilitate `the release--m'ove'f` 5i ment ofthe triple Valve device after the triple" valve devicehas been operated to eiect an ap.-`

" l ,rectangular in cross sectiongand 'providedwith a,-I

plication of the brakes.

l'Other objects and advantageswill appear in morejdellailed description of the the following l invention.

` In the `accompanying ydr.avvings; Fig. 1`is al f view of a car uid pressure brake equipment,

showing the `triple valve device in section,with the moving parts Vof the `triple Vvalve device in full 159;* release position,v andembodying my finvention;

i Fig.2 asectionon the lineA 2 2 of Figiml; Fig. 3 a plan vjlevvY of theftriplepistonand slide valve assembly; Fig. Zlaqsection Von the line 4 4 of {Figi-1 Fig.5 a sectional View o fthe triple valve 20v device snowing the movinspartsinserve apf plication position; Fig. 6 a sectional view ofthe triple valve device, showing the moving parts in service lap position; Fig. l a sectional jvievv ofthe triple valve device, showing themovingparts aft#4 Y., 2 er movement from' service lap position upon an, increase in brakepipe pressure; Fig. 8 is asec-I tional vievvw of aftriple valve device in full1release position, showing a modied formfofflnyA `invention embodied therein; and Fig." 9 a` sec` .3 tionaiview of tneitriple valve deviceshow in Fig. 8, fwith thev moving parts in the position assumedupon initial movement from Aservice lap 1` position `toward release position. As shovvnv in Fig'. 1, the car fluid pressure brake` 35. equipment maycomprise a triple Valve `device 1`,L,

' a brake cylinder 2', andan auxiliary reservoir `3.

, i The triple valve device comprises a casingliav, f

ing a piston chamberv 4, connected to the usual reservoirl and :containing a'main slide fvalve" 8 l and a graduating slidel valve 9 adapted tobe operated by pistone'. The triple valve casing also contains the usual emergency piston 10 for i operating the usual emergency brake pipe yvent The triple valve device is shownaslthere- According to my invention the stem through which the piston 6 operates the slide; valves is lmade'in tvvoparts, comprising awcentralmember manner.`

brake pipe 5 and containing'a piston 6, and hav-v ing a'valve chamber '7 connectedwto the auxiliary,

14,'preferably;rectangular in cross sectio1`1,' andY l integrallyconnecte'd to the piston 6, through a-I 28 at Vitsopen endfand airearward'section v18,

The outer-'end portion 20 of "thelmemberl is 10 not slotted, but is providedwith a bore `2l adapti ed to receive a round end portion 22-c a .r ried by the central member 14. Afhangfe or spider-23 is carried by"'the frearwardsection 1'8v oiv the member -162 "Thesectionjli isprcvided with a 15 f 'centrally disposed, horizontal slot 24 adapted to l triple valvefdevice arein :fullrelease position;

as-shovvn in Fig. 1 ,"if iti'is "desired to. effect.. aserVice application of the brakes, the' brake pipe pressure is gradually reduced` in Ithe usual l The triplepiston'dis thermoved out, causing the member 14 to move the member 16, through thefrivetpin25-.- The initial movement ofthe,y member 16 causesthe'movement cf the graduating slide valve9 relatively to rthemain slide valve 8, as permitted` by `the clearance `provided Abe` tweenthe spider A 23,andj the` rear, end, .oftl 1 `e i slide valve `'Il his movementjbffthe graduata4 ing valve 9` uncovers `serviceport V30 in the main slide valve" 8.` A Upon 'engagement of `the`=spider"- 23 with the end of the slide `valve 8, said "slidevalve is shifted,so asto rstcut olf communica tionffrom 'brake cylinderI passage 31, through cavityk32, to atmospheric exhaust "port 33,jand 45M then cause the service port 30 to register with passage 31, the partsr beingfnovfinthe 4service application position, as showninFig. 5; M

Fluid under pressure is then supplied from the auxiliary reservoir. 3' to the brake cylinder toL 'effectan application of the,bral es.` When `the auxiliary reservoir pressure'hasbeen reduced by flow` to the brake cylinder, to a. ,degree` slightly less than the, reduced `brake; pipe` pressure, the j piston 6, Tis operated to "shiftthe graduating Valve to lap position, as shown in Fig. 6, so that further flow of fluid to the brake cylinder is prevented.

the frictional resistance ofthep'stbni'andjthe# pressure has been increased abovethe auxiliary reservoir pressure a predeterminedamountsufiicient to overcome the resistance of thesriiringff'l.v and the frictional resistance of the piston 6"and right.s o -.-as toeshit the graduating Valvea 9 to; thez-positionvshown irl-.Fig .7." TlfierequiredJdifrferentiaL-opressures between the.- .auxiliary resiV ervoiraand-.thabrake fpipe` necessary-,to .move the pistongl ndependswupon. the resistance. valuev` oftharspringagfand; fpreienably 1then spring isgsuch that` .the hpiston 6 :will :be-moved whenfthe .brakef pipe pressure `has beenl increased..to.about:one:

andgonefhalhppunds above Ythe auxiliaryxesen voirfpressure..

Vlil-movingatthegposition.. showin-.Fig 7,-` the.vr graduating .yalye-.9, ppferates to r,uncovermthe .port

34,:.stliat fluidlunden. pressure--fisnow Vented=l ervirf. llto 'the atmosphere.- through.. port 35.- Them reductimin Aauxiliary.. reservoir..v pressure continuesuntil tlediierentiall pressure between` theauxiliary.} reservoir and tl'en brake..:pipeeis` sjufient.-`v to;` :permit ..the.. piston; 6 itc. move the!- main ,slider valve '811. f y g It Vwill bel note'dthat'Witli;.the.-parts=. in thepositionshown inlFigf. 7,. .tlie..pistonI-.6.`is.in engagementvvitl the. flange .281"'of 'thestemmembenA 1.62.". the.. relative .movement l. between.'W the; stem.. members I4' andfl.' 'from the .positions shownin.. Fig; fltdth positions. shWninFigrH lbeing ,per-.- mittd by the Lr`noverrier1t.-.of "theriv'et' pin..25. in..

th`eslot`.24."

, The end .Wallof--.the. portion. 17""of..`.th'e.stem.. member '16 being in engagement With a shoulder.. ci -the-main slide .valve.8, movementrofLlpiston 6*"-t.vi/"arid'1 the rightf ffoimlth rFigi `7 'position.. causesfrrwvement ofthe .main..slide'.- valve .8.' Initial `'nuwementi of th'emairi .slide valve `.in.tlr`iis'.'. directin. .causes` the port 34 j .to ,be .moved .fout of L ,r'egis'trygwitlii' the.. exhaustLpor't. 35,.. so^ that..

. further fventing of flid'. fromwthegauxiliary, rese. I

erv'oil isl 'preVented lntiiuedi.'movement'n of. thegpi'stn 6 Tand .the mailslid .valve causesthecavity.: 32..- td. connect'. passage 31 with ...exhaust pprt,A so that fl1id'.is!released `from thebrake.. cylinder. At the.-.head`end` of"the. train, .Where theliricrease in .brake pipe.v pressure .is more tardedrelease position, .movingthe retarded lre-v lase stpgmember l12 `againstithe resistance of spring 13T. IL-this'positin, th'e.brak`e cylinder' passage .3`Ir is''connectdfto th'e. exhaust port 33;" throughla. restrictedfextnsi-n 3'6"" of 'the cavity 32,.-.so th`at'tle releasef fiidfrom the brake cylinder. .is retarded .ir'i'th'is pQsition.

After ltie pressures inthe auxiliary. reservoir.. anditllbak 'pipe 'have substantially1equalized,l` thegsprigstpfunembr" 1.2m`oves4v the .stern sec-v tion 16` and main slide valve 8 back to full release position, as shown in Fig. 1, and the spring 27 moves the piston 6 and the stem member 14 to the position relative to the stem member 16, as shown in Fig. 1.

In the release positions of the piston 6, the auxiliary reservoir is recharged from the brake pipe by w`ay of the'feedgroove .37 .around the triple! valve pistonfd I`t` will now be Vseen that Witli my improvement, aiter a service application of the brakes, upon a light, but predetermined increase in brake pipe pressurethetriple valve devices throughout the trainv are positively .moved to release position.

Asaffrther aidttdfacilitating the release of theibraikesll'proposeeto provide means for temporarilyr separating the valve chamber of the tiiplvalvefdevie-ffrom the auxiliary reservoir While fluid is being vented from the valve chamber,M so'tlat the desired diierential pressure on Qlpsite .sides-.of thestriplezvalve-.pistonf :mayrfbe qbtained..mcre quickly andrvvithout` appreciable loss `of auxiliary reservoimpressure.- l .For.this.purpose\, as-.shown in Figs-S 4and.-9 aval-eef. sur-,has a .iiex-iblefzdiaphragm. .-38 his pro. vidednfoim controlling... communicationffrom the` auxiliary reservoir 3, through-passage:v 39.-,to-the Valveachamber .-7. The-.diaphragm'- 38 v is subject tothe` pressure` of .afspri-ng... 40 contained in;-

chamber 4l at one side of the diaphragm,-.Which1- f pressure Yurges .then diaphragmdnto .engagement Withaseat ribT .42...-

vThe `cljian'lber.4l .is-.connectedrtoa .passagedg^ whichaleads -f-to. the specialaexhaustfport 35"., a.

. restrictedalowr portion. 44 being providedin passage f 35. bet-.Ween-l passage .43- and.. the.. exhaust:- outl'et. Normally.,- the. chamber 41 beingxopenzto` the atmospheresby.. way. cf.. passage` 43 and.. ex-

haust. passage..-35l, the-auxiliary .reservoir .pres-r sure actingpn. the .uppenace .ofthe-diaphragm 38,?.maintains .tha-.diaphragm- SS-.unseated Yfrom.-

th`e .seat rib-42,'w against the ..pressure.'of. spr-ingi- 40,'f.as.shown.in.Fig.. 8,' so thatlfluidunderpressure. isiree` to .flow .from .thefauxil-ia'lry reservoir 3,..tlrough..passage..39 to the triple Valve chamv heli/and also..-from..the valvelchamber. .7 .to .the auxiliary reservoir.. Wh'm. hoWever,.. after. a; service applicationrotthe brakes, the. triple. valve f piston -6'is .sh-itedin .releasing the: brakes from.

serviceJap jp osition,.as sl-ownin. Fig.. 8,-.to the.

ventingposi-tion, as..shovvnin.Fig.-9, .uid underlpressure'.v Which is .ventedjfrom .the .valve cham,- ber 'Itlirough port` 34 `t`o passage 35',4 ii'ws.. throughpassage .43"'t'o chamber. 41,'v as WellZas through.- passage 35f'to. the. atmosphere. The. idpressure vtl'i'us supplied'to chamber 41C plus t'leA pressure -of `spring;40"is sufli'cienttoover come' the pressure of" the auxiliary .reservoir acting ont h`e upper face of the diaphragm, sothatsaidldiaphragm is moved into .engagementl witithe seat rib"42, thus cuttingoff communicatin'from the valve chamber 'Tto the auxiliary reservcir`3.'V` Itwillnow be seen thatfluid under pressure will only be' vented from `the valve chamber. 'T'in the Fig., 9"'position, so that the pressure in the valve chamber Will be..more rapidlyreduced and at` the same timefap'preciablefloss of 'auxiliary reservoiry pressure is. prevented.

Ex'ceptth'at iiuid is only vented from the valve. chamber?,v the `operatis'nnin releasing the brakes yvvith"respeot'to the construction shown` in Figs.'-

vention has been described in detail, 4it is not ment or otherwise than by the terms of the appended claims. l

Having now described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is: Y

with a brake pipe, auxiliary reservoir, and brake cylinder; of a triple valve device vcomprising a main valve, a graduating valve, and al piston subject to the opposing ,pressuresA of the brake .pipe and a chamber and operated upon -a gradual reduction in brake pipe pressurefor actuatving said valve to supply uid from the auxiliary reservoir to the brake cylinder to effect a service application of the brakes, said piston vbeing adapted to move the graduating valve relatively to the main valve `to service lap position, in which the supply of iuid from the auxiliary reservoirto the brake cylinder is cut 01T, means permitting a further movement of` the graduating valve by said piston relative to the main valve, in which further movement iluid` is vented from said chamber, and a spring for preventing `saidvfurther relative movement of the graduating valve by said piston until a predetermined differential in pressure between the and said chamber has been created.

2. In a` uid pressure. brake, the combination Y with a brake pipe, auxiliary reservoir, and brake cylinder, of a triple valve device comprising a 1 mainA valve, a graduating valve, and a piston subject to the opposing pressures of the brake pipe and a chamber andfor `moving said valves upon a reduction in brake pipe pressure to service application position in which uid under presi sure is supplied from the auxiliary reservoir to the brake cylinder and then to service lapposivtion inwhich the supplyof fluid from the auxiliary reservoir to the brake cylinder is cut off, and means permitting a movement of the graduating valve relative to the main valve from service lap position by said piston upon an` increase in brake pipe pressure to a position in which iiuid is vented from said chamber.

,K 3. In a uid pressure brake, the `combination with a brake pipe, auxiliary reservoir, and brake cylinder, of a triple valve device comprising a mainvalve, a graduating valve, anda piston sublject tothe opposing pressures of the brake pipe and a chamber and operated upon a reduction in brake pipe pressure for actuating said valves to eiect an application of the brakes, said piston being operable afteran application of the brakes upon an increase in brake pipe pressure to rst move the graduating valve to vent fluid from said chamber `and then the main valve toward release position, and a spring interposed between the main valve and the piston for preventing o `movement of the graduating valve by said piston ",jto the position for venting fluid from said chamber until the brake pipev"pressure has been increased to provide a predetermined',diierential in pressure between thebrake pipeand said chamber. Y Y t A 4 o 4. In a fiuid pressurebrake, vthe combination l,with a brake pipe, of a triple valve device comprising a main valve,` a graduating valve movable relatively to the main valve, a piston subject to brake" pipe pressure, a stem carried by said piston for operating saidgraduating valve, a mem-` brake pipe l ber.

t 4 l y prising a main: valve,\a graduating valve movablev 1. In afluid pressure brake, the combination 1 relatively to the main valve, a piston subject to brake pipe pressure, a stem carried by said piston for operating said graduating valve, a member v:for operating said main valve having a movement relative to the'main valvel and a movement relativeito said stem, and in whichsaid stem is `slidably mounted, said member being operatively connected to said'stem. A

6.` Ina uid pressure brake, the combination with af brake pipe, of a triple valve device comprising a main valve, a graduating valve movable relatively to the main valve, a piston subject to brake pipe pressure, a stem carried by said piston for operating said graduating valve, Va member `for operating said main valve having a move- `ment relative to the main valve, and in which said stem is slidably mounted," said member being operatively connected to said stem, and a spring interposed between said piston and said member` 7.*Inya1fluid lpressure brake, the` combination with a brake pipe, an auxiliary reservoir, and a brake cylinder, of a triple valve device having a valve chamber normally open to the auxiliary reservoir and operated upon a reduction in brake pipe pressure for supplying fluid under pressure from said valve chamber and the auxiliary reservoir to the brake cylinder and upon an increase in brake pipe pressureafter a reduction in brake pipe pressure `for venting fluid from said valve4 chamber, andmeans operated upon venting uid from said chamber for cutting off communication from said auxiliary reservoir to said chamber. i i n i 8. Ina uid pressure brake, the combination `with a rbrake pipe,` an auxiliary reservoir, and a brake cylinder, of a triple valve device comprising valve means contained in a valve chamber normally` open to the auxiliary reservoir, a piston`operated upon a reduction in brake pipe pressure for actuatingsaid valve means to supply a i iiuid under pressure from said valve chamber and auxiliary reservoir to the brake cylinder and operated upon an increase in brake pipe pressure to release the brakesto operate said valve means for venting iluid from said valve chamber, and means operated upon venting fluid yfrom the auxiliary reservoirfor cutting olf communication from the auxiliary reservoir to said valve cham- 9. In a iiuid pressure brake, the combination with a brake pipe, an auxiliary reservoir, and a brake cylinder, of a triple valve device havinga' valve chamber normally open to the auxiliary reservoir and operated upon a reduction `in brake pipe pressure for supplying uid under pressure from said valve chamber and auxiliary reservoir to the brake cylinder and operatedupon an increase in brake pipe pressure for rst ventin i'luid from said Valve chamber and then from the `brake cylinder, and means operated by Huid i vented from the valve chamber for cutting 01T "communication from' the auxiliaryreservoir to said chamber.

't CLYDE C. FARMER, 

